Paeds Vivas · growth-development-and-behaviour
Neurodiversity-affirming developmental care — branching viva
Structured oral on affirming posture, double empathy, language preference, camouflaging/burnout and medical vigilance.
On this page & tools
Target exams
Stem
You see a school-age autistic child whose school wants a behaviour letter. The child prefers identity-first language. After school they collapse with exhaustion. [1]
Examiner: What is neurodiversity-affirming developmental care? [1] [2]
Strong answer: Respect neurotype and preferred language; redesign person-environment fit; teach skills the child and family want; treat co-occurring medical and mental-health needs; coordinate closed-loop supports. Not anti-diagnosis and not anti-medicine. [1] [2]
Examiner: What is the double empathy problem? [3]
Strong answer: Misunderstanding between autistic and non-autistic people is often mutual, so "poor social skills" is not always a one-way child deficit. [3]
Examiner: How do you handle language preference? [6]
Strong answer: Ask and document. Many autistic adults prefer identity-first language; some families prefer person-first. Do not scold either. [6]
Examiner: The school praises camouflage. Your concern? [4] [5]
Strong answer: Camouflaging can look like success while predicting mental-health burden and autistic burnout — exhaustion, skill loss, sensory intensification. Reduce load; screen mental health. [4] [5]
Examiner: When do you abandon counselling for acute care? [7]
Strong answer: Regression/encephalopathy, new seizures, suicidal plan, severe self-injury, medical instability, or safeguarding concern — full paediatric pathways immediately. [7]
Examiner: Close your plan in one sentence. [8]
Strong answer: Affirm the person, fix the environment, treat co-occurring disease, write owners and review dates. [8] [1]
References
- [1]Pellicano E Annual Research Review: Shifting from 'normal science' to neurodiversity in autism science J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2022.PMID 34730840
- [2]den Houting J Neurodiversity: An insider's perspective Autism, 2019.PMID 30556743
- [3]Milton D The 'double empathy problem': Ten years on Autism, 2022.PMID 36263746
- [4]Cook J Camouflaging in autism: A systematic review Clin Psychol Rev, 2021.PMID 34563942
- [5]Raymaker DM Having All of Your Internal Resources Exhausted Beyond Measure and Being Left with No Clean-Up Crew: Defining Autistic Burnout Autism Adulthood, 2020.PMID 32851204
- [6]Schuck RK Preferences for Identity-First and Person-First Language: A Systematic Review of Research With Autistic Adults/Adults With Autism J Autism Dev Disord, 2025.PMID 41389164
- [7]Hyman SL Identification, Evaluation, and Management of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Pediatrics, 2020.PMID 31843864
- [8]Council on Children with Disabilities and Medical Home Implementation Project Advisory Committee Patient- and family-centered care coordination: a framework for integrating care for children and youth across multiple systems Pediatrics, 2014.PMID 24777209