Psych CASC / OSCE · Child and adolescent psychiatry — anxiety disorders
Explain youth anxiety treatment and school return plan to parents — CASC communication station
MRCPsych/FRANZCP-style communication station: youth anxiety psychoeducation, CBT, SSRI monitoring, school plan, collaborative family framing.
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Target exams
Station brief
Format. Communication station, approximately 7–10 minutes active time after reading. You are the psychiatry registrar in the CAMHS clinic. [2]
Candidate instructions. Explain separation anxiety and school refusal behaviour to the parents, outline exposure-based CBT and reducing accommodation, discuss when sertraline might be used and how you monitor safety, agree a graded school return, check understanding, and respond to guilt (“Did we cause this by being soft?”). The examiner plays a parent. [1][2][4]
Candidate scenario
Your patient has weekday morning stomach-aches, drop-off distress, and is currently on a partial timetable. You recommend CBT now and are considering sertraline if progress is slow or impairment remains high. Parents fear medication will “change personality” and ask whether home schooling is safer. [1][2][5]
Marking domains
- Empathy, structure, agenda-setting (including parental guilt)
- Accurate plain-language model of separation anxiety vs school refusal as behaviour
- Clear explanation of exposure CBT and reduced accommodation (not blame)
- Balanced SSRI discussion with CAMS-style combination rationale in simple terms
- Monitoring for activation and suicidal thoughts; early review plan
- Graded return-to-school steps with school liaison
- Teach-back and safety-net advice [1][2][3][4]
Reveal assessor key
Open. Name role and time; ask priorities (medication fear, guilt, school pressure). [2]
Explain diagnosis. “This is separation anxiety — a treatable anxiety condition where the brain’s alarm about being away from you is too loud. Missing school is a behaviour that grows when avoidance makes the alarm quieter short-term. It is not simply bad parenting.” [2][4]
CBT. “The main treatment is guided practice facing small steps of separation and school, with coping skills — not flooding him all at once. Your role is coach: less last-minute cancellation, more planned steps we agree together.” Evidence supports CBT for youth anxiety.[5][2]
Medication. “If anxiety stays high or school remains blocked, a medicine from the SSRI group such as sertraline can help the alarm system settle. A large study (CAMS) found that therapy plus sertraline helped the most young people get much better compared with either alone or placebo. We start low, go slow, and review early.” Example start discussed with team: low daily oral sertraline with titration.[1][2]
Safety monitoring. “A small number of young people can feel more agitated or have new thoughts of self-harm when antidepressants are started. That is uncommon but important — we watch closely in the first weeks and after dose changes, and you contact us urgently if mood or safety changes.” [3]
School plan. “We liaise with school for graded return — short visits, then partial days, then full days — while treating anxiety. Long-term home schooling without a plan often strengthens avoidance.” [4][2]
Close. Summarise, teach-back, crisis contacts, next CBT session and medication review date if started. [2]
References
- [1]Walkup JT, Albano AM, Piacentini J, et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy, sertraline, or a combination in childhood anxiety N Engl J Med, 2008.PMID 18974308
- [2]Walter HJ, Bukstein OG, Abright AR, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Anxiety Disorders J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2020.PMID 32439401
- [3]Bridge JA, Iyengar S, Salary CB, et al. Clinical response and risk for reported suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in pediatric antidepressant treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials JAMA, 2007.PMID 17440145
- [4]Kearney CA, Albano AM. The functional profiles of school refusal behavior. Diagnostic aspects Behav Modif, 2004.PMID 14710711
- [5]James AC, Reardon T, Soler A, et al. Cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2020.PMID 33196111