Psych CASC / OSCE · Consultation-liaison — transplant and ICU psychiatry
Post-ICU PTSD and transplant clinic avoidance — CASC communication station
MRCPsych/FRANZCP-style CASC: empathic trauma-aware interview for post-ICU PTSD symptoms, link to adherence after transplant, capacity/collaborative planning, family involvement with consent, and clear safety netting without invented legal sections.
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Target exams
Station brief
Format. Communication station, approximately 7–10 minutes active time after reading. You are the psychiatry registrar embedded in the transplant clinic. [1]
Candidate instructions. Explore why the patient has avoided clinic after ICU. Screen sensitively for PTSD symptoms (intrusions, nightmares, avoidance, hyperarousal) and depressive symptoms. Link avoidance to graft risk without coercion or shame. Collaborate on a graded return plan, psychological therapy options, medication review if appropriate, and family support. Check safety (suicide). Avoid inventing legal section numbers. [1][2][3]
Candidate scenario
Your patient is 42, six months after deceased-donor kidney transplant. Two months ago they spent 18 days in ICU with septic shock and delirium. Since discharge they report nightmares of "staff trying to kill me," panic when smelling alcohol swabs, and cancelled clinic because "hospitals are dangerous." Immunosuppressant levels were therapeutic last month; one dose may have been missed last week. A partner is outside if the patient consents to involve them. [1][3]
Marking domains
- Empathy; trauma-informed, non-stigmatising language
- Explores ICU memories as real-to-patient even if factually distorted
- Screens PTSD and depression clusters; suicide risk
- Explains adherence/graft risk clearly without threats
- Collaborative plan: flexible appointment, graded exposure ideas, psychology referral, diary/education if available
- Considers PICS cognitive fog and family (PICS-F) with consent
- Summarises and safety-nets [1][2][5]
Reveal assessor key
Open. Introduce role; purpose is to help them feel safer attending care that protects the kidney, not to punish missed visits. Check comfort and preference for partner presence. [1]
Explore. Timeline from ICU; what is remembered vs told by others; nightmares, flashbacks, avoidance of smells/sounds/hospitals, sleep, hypervigilance, mood, guilt. Normalise that PTSD symptoms after critical illness are well recognised in the literature. [1][2]
Link. Missed doses and missed clinics raise rejection and graft-loss risk; nonadherence is a major post-transplant problem in general — frame as shared problem-solving. [3]
Plan. Urgent same-building or quieter early clinic slot; short visits; predictable clinician; ground techniques; consider trauma-focused therapy; discuss evidence that structured ICU diaries reduced new-onset PTSD in a randomised trial as an example of non-drug approaches used in some services; review sleep and avoid alcohol; involve partner for support if consented; screen partner stress (PICS-F). Safety plan for suicidal thoughts. Written summary and follow-up call. [4][5]
Close. Check understanding; agree next attendance time; escalate to transplant team regarding levels and medical review.[1][3]
References
- [1]Parker AM, Sricharoenchai T, Raparla S, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder in critical illness survivors: a metaanalysis Crit Care Med, 2015.PMID 25654178
- [2]Davydow DS, Gifford JM, Desai SV, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder in general intensive care unit survivors: a systematic review Gen Hosp Psychiatry, 2008.PMID 18774425
- [3]Dew MA, DiMartini AF, De Vito Dabbs A, et al. Rates and risk factors for nonadherence to the medical regimen after adult solid organ transplantation Transplantation, 2007.PMID 17460556
- [4]Jones C, Bäckman C, Capuzzo M, et al. Intensive care diaries reduce new onset post traumatic stress disorder following critical illness: a randomised, controlled trial Crit Care, 2010.PMID 20843344
- [5]Davidson JE, Jones C, Bienvenu OJ Family response to critical illness: postintensive care syndrome-family Crit Care Med, 2012.PMID 22080636