Psych Vivas · Old age psychiatry — neurocognitive disorders
Frontotemporal dementia — structured clinical viva
Fellowship viva covering Rascovsky bvFTD, psychiatric misdiagnosis, C9orf72/MAPT/GRN, treatment limits, ALS spectrum, and medicolegal risk.
On this page & tools
Target exams
Interpretation
Reveal interpretation
Formulate as probable bvFTD (Rascovsky): multiple core behavioural features with progressive functional change and imaging support for frontotemporal involvement — not "treatment-resistant bipolar" until a neurodegenerative work-up is complete. Psychiatric misdiagnosis is well documented before FTD is recognised.[1][3][7]
Genetics: paternal MND plus behavioural FTD phenotype prioritises C9orf72 expansion counselling/testing; still mention MAPT and GRN as the exam triad.[2][7] Examine carefully for ALS-FTSD motor signs and co-manage with neurology.[8]
Management: non-drug behavioural strategies and carer support first; limited symptomatic roles for SSRIs/trazodone; avoid routine AChEI in pure FTD; antipsychotics only if severe risk, short course, mortality counselling.[4][5][7] Capacity is decision-specific (Appelbaum); advise on driving and finances early.[6]
Key points
[1] [2] [4] [7]References
- [1]Rascovsky K, Hodges JR, Knopman D, et al. Sensitivity of revised diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia Brain, 2011.PMID 21810890
- [2]DeJesus-Hernandez M, Mackenzie IR, Boeve BF, et al. Expanded GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat in noncoding region of C9ORF72 causes chromosome 9p-linked FTD and ALS Neuron, 2011.PMID 21944778
- [3]Woolley JD, Khan BK, Murthy NK, et al. The diagnostic challenge of psychiatric symptoms in neurodegenerative disease J Clin Psychiatry, 2011.PMID 21382304
- [4]Huey ED, Putnam KT, Grafman J A systematic review of neurotransmitter deficits and treatments in frontotemporal dementia Neurology, 2006.PMID 16401839
- [5]Schneider LS, Dagerman KS, Insel P Risk of death with atypical antipsychotic drug treatment for dementia: meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials JAMA, 2005.PMID 16234500
- [6]Appelbaum PS Clinical practice. Assessment of patients' competence to consent to treatment N Engl J Med, 2007.PMID 17978292
- [7]Bang J, Spina S, Miller BL Frontotemporal dementia Lancet, 2015.PMID 26595641
- [8]Strong MJ, Abrahams S, Goldstein LH, et al. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - frontotemporal spectrum disorder (ALS-FTSD): Revised diagnostic criteria Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener, 2017.PMID 28054827