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Clinical Atlas Prestige · Evidence-first

Psych VivasAddiction psychiatry — substance use disorders

Psych Vivas · Addiction psychiatry — substance use disorders

Opioid use disorder — structured clinical viva

Fellowship viva on methadone stability, missed doses, QTc, transfer to buprenorphine, naltrexone expectations, dual pain, and mortality framing of retention.

clinical
On this page & tools

Target exams

FRANZCPMRCPsychABPNMD-DNB

Target exams

FRANZCPMRCPsychABPNMD-DNB
Prompt
You are the addiction psychiatry registrar. A 41-year-old woman on methadone 90 mg daily presents after two missed clinic doses, wanting to 'come off everything this week' following a relationship crisis. She has chronic back pain, QTc 470 ms on a recent ECG, and smokes cannabis nightly. She asks whether buprenorphine is 'safer' and whether naltrexone implants will 'cure' her. Discuss risk, transfer/taper decisions, cardiac monitoring, pain dual diagnosis, and evidence-based alternatives.

Interpretation

Reveal interpretation

This is a stability and shared-decision viva, not a pure detox request. Two missed methadone doses raise loss-of-tolerance and overdose concerns if she returns to street opioids or if an automatic full-dose unsupervised restart is given without review. Crisis-driven taper requests need empathic exploration of the relationship stress, suicide/overdose risk, and pain flare risk — not automatic agreement to stop OAT in one week.[2][4]

QTc 470 ms is borderline prolonged depending on sex-specific cut-offs and labs; review electrolytes, interacting drugs, symptoms (syncope, palpitations), and discuss risk–benefit of continuing methadone versus dose reduction or transfer. Krantz et al. frame systematic QTc screening in methadone treatment — not every borderline value mandates immediate cessation without a plan.[1]

Buprenorphine may be preferred for respiratory safety ceiling and take-home logistics in some patients, but transfer from high-dose methadone requires specialist protocols (methadone reduction and adequate withdrawal before buprenorphine) to avoid precipitated withdrawal. It is “safer” in some dimensions, not universally risk-free.[4][5]

Naltrexone (oral or XR) can prevent relapse in selected patients after completed detox, but it is not a magical implant cure; X:BOT shows induction difficulty versus buprenorphine–naloxone. Implants are jurisdiction-specific and not a substitute for engagement, psychosocial care, and overdose prevention during any transition.[3]

Dual pain needs multimodal care concurrent with OAT, not abandonment of analgesia or abrupt opioid cessation without a plan.[4]

Key points

Missed methadone doses change the restart algorithm

Do not blindly reissue the full prior dose after tolerance may have fallen — review locally and re-titrate safely.

Retention beats cosmetic detox

Mortality rises after leaving OAT; crisis is a reason for support, not necessarily for rapid cessation.

Transfers need pharmacology respect

Methadone-to-buprenorphine and any naltrexone start require timed withdrawal/detox to avoid precipitated withdrawal.
[1] [2] [3] [4]

References

  1. [1]Krantz MJ, Martin J, Stimmel B, et al. QTc interval screening in methadone treatment Ann Intern Med, 2009.PMID 19153406
  2. [2]Sordo L, Barrio G, Bravo MJ, et al. Mortality risk during and after opioid substitution treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies BMJ, 2017.PMID 28446428
  3. [3]Lee JD, Nunes EV, Novo P, et al. Comparative effectiveness of extended-release naltrexone versus buprenorphine-naloxone for opioid relapse prevention (X:BOT) Lancet, 2018.PMID 29150198
  4. [4]American Society of Addiction Medicine The ASAM National Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder: 2020 Focused Update J Addict Med, 2020.PMID 32511106
  5. [5]Mattick RP, Breen C, Kimber J, Davoli M Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2014.PMID 24500948