Constipation: common causes, red flags, and what can help
Constipation is common and often improves with fluids, fibre, movement, and regular toilet habits. Severe pain, vomiting, weight loss, bleeding, or a major change in bowel habit should not be ignored.
When to get urgent help
- Severe abdominal pain, vomiting, or a swollen abdomen
- Rectal bleeding, black stools, or unexplained weight loss
- New constipation in someone older, or constipation with fever or dehydration
What to expect
- Doctors may ask about stool pattern, diet, medicines, hydration, and alarm symptoms.
- Many people improve with simple changes plus short-term laxatives.
- Some cases need tests if symptoms are persistent or red flags are present.
Simple self-care and follow-up points
- Increase fluids and fibre gradually if safe for you.
- Try to respond to the urge to open your bowels instead of delaying.
- Review medicines that can worsen constipation, such as opioids or anticholinergics.